Tetanus is a neurological disease characterized by an acute onset of hypertonia, painful muscular contractions (usually of the muscles of the jaw and neck), and generalized muscle spasms without other apparent medical causes.
Category: Paediatrics
Neonatal Polycythaemia
Introduction Polycythaemia can be defined as a venous haematocrit of 65% or more OR a venous haemoglobin concentration in excess of 22 g/dL. Hyper viscosity is defined as a viscosity greater than 14.6 centipoise at a shear rate of 11.5 per second[1] Risk Factors Aetiology The causes are classified as having active (increased fetal erythropoiesis)… Continue reading Neonatal Polycythaemia
Febrile Convulsions
Febrile convulsions can be defined as fever associated with convulsion in children aged 6months to 5years after excluding intracranial and metabolic causes. Etiology Disease conditions that lead to convulsions are: Types There are two types of febrile convulsions: simple and complex Simple febrile convulsions Complex febrile convulsions Management This involves a good history, investigations and… Continue reading Febrile Convulsions
Bronchiolitis
Introduction Bronchiolitis is a disease of the small bronchioles; it is characterized by acute inflammation, oedema, and necrosis of epithelial cell lining small airways and increased mucus production resulting in airflow limitation. It is most commonly caused by a viral lower respiratory tract infection. Epidemiology Risk factors Prevalence Etiology Viral pathogens, particularly Respiratory syncytial virus… Continue reading Bronchiolitis