Introduction Congestive heart failure (CHF), as defined by the American College of Cardiology (ACC) and the American Heart Association (AHA), is “a complex clinical syndrome that results from any structural or functional impairment of ventricular filling or ejection of blood.” Acute precipitating factors of heart failure Aetiology of Heart Failure Classification of Heart failure Using… Continue reading Heart Failure
Category: Internal medicine
Araoye Criteria for Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
Introduction Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a progressive structural change involving the left ventricular myocardium. LVH is characterized by increase in the size and workload of the cardiac chambers. LVH, which is assessed by electrocardiogram or echocardiogram, is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. LVH is also a major factor in the… Continue reading Araoye Criteria for Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
Blindness And Visual Impairment
Globally, at least 2.2 billion people have a near or distance vision impairment. In at least 1 billion of these, vision impairment could have been prevented or is yet to be addressed. The leading causes of vision impairment and blindness at a global level are refractive errors and cataracts. Total blindness is a term used to… Continue reading Blindness And Visual Impairment
GLAUCOMA
By Yinka-Balogun Olumuyiwa Definition Glaucoma is defined as an optic neuropathy with progressive optic nerve head damage and characteristic visual field changes with intraocular pressure as a modifiable risk factor. Aetiology Risk Factors Types There are two main kinds: Open-angle glaucoma; This is the most common type. It is also known as… Continue reading GLAUCOMA
Diabetes Mellitus
Diabetes mellitus can be defined as a of metabolic disorder of multiple aetiology characterised by chronic hyperglycaemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein resulting from defects of insulin secretion, insulin action or both.[1] Of the four classes of DM, three types are frequently recognized in our setting and these are type 1 DM (T1DM),… Continue reading Diabetes Mellitus